• Interestingly we observed that T D islet cells have lower

  2021-07-28

  

  Interestingly, we observed that T2D islet MG132 have lower DPP-4 expression, as compared to ND cells (Fig. 1, Fig. 2). Previously, a reduced activity of this peptidase was observed in human T2D islet lysates (Omar et al., 2014). As mentioned above, GLP-1 is also produced by islet cells (alpha cells

• Mitochondrial depolarization induced by DHODH inhibition Fig

  2021-07-28

  

  Mitochondrial depolarization induced by DHODH inhibition (Figure 5A) may also contribute to the selective effects of DHODH inhibitors on KRAS mutant cells. If so, the effect may arise more from pro-apoptotic effects of mitochondrial depolarization (Lemasters et al., 1998) than from impaired oxidativ

• Considering the divergence of multiple

  2021-07-28

  

  Considering the divergence of multiple DGAT isoforms, we examined whether MiDGAT1 and MiDGAT2s utilized different fatty acids as the substrate to synthesize TAGs. GC-MS analysis indicated that C16:0 and C18:0 were the major components of TAGs in yeast cells, and all three MiDGATs displayed the same

• Aldehyde dehydrogenase has been characterized as

  2021-07-28

  

  Aldehyde dehydrogenase has been characterized as a cancer stem cell marker, which plays a key role in various biological processes in tumor, including cell proliferation, invasiveness and chemoresistance. Recent data of Abourbih et al reported that ALDH1 expression did not correlate with primary tum

• The two isoforms LDH A

  2021-07-28

  

  The two isoforms LDH-A and LDH-B catalyze the same reaction, conversion of pyruvate to lactate at the end of glycolysis. LDH-A is expressed in the liver. Humans with a hereditary deficiency of the A or B LDH isoforms are free of symptoms, except for muscle rigidity and myoglobinuria following strenu

• br Acknowledgements br Membrane bound proton

  2021-07-28

  

  Acknowledgements Membrane-bound proton-translocating inorganic pyrophosphatases (H-PPase; EC 3.6.1.1) belong to a recently identified category of proton pumps, distinct from F-, P-, and V-ATPases, which utilize pyrophosphate hydrolysis as the driving force for H movement across biological membr

• The all NTP pyrophosphatase and

  2021-07-28

  

  The all-α NTP pyrophosphatase and NUDIX families maintain the deoxynucleotide triphosphate (dNTP) pool balance, limit the incorporation of harmful nucleotides, and represent a promising therapeutic approach to develop anticancer and immunosuppressive agents., , , , Among these housekeeping enzymes

• The most important finding in

  2021-07-28

  

  The most important finding in the present study is that the EKR1/2-Egr-1 signaling pathway might be involve in the mechanisms underlying CysLT2 receptor-mediated IL-8 production. The signaling profile can be described by the following sequential processes: the agonists (LTC4 and LTD4) activates CysL

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion In

  2021-07-28

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion In the present study, as a trial to evaluate the marine ciliate E. crassus for further studies, its susceptibilities to B[a]P and β-NF were measured. Acute toxicity of B[a]P in aquatic organisms has been extensively studied, but not enough data is av

• Published results have revealed relationships between serine

  2021-07-28

  

  Published results have revealed relationships between serine 81 in AR and some CDKs, especially CDKs 1, 5 and 9 [12], [13], [14], [15], [16]. These results are often supported by pharmacological inhibition of a certain CDK. An effect of CDK1 inhibition on suppression of S81-phosphorylation was previ

• br Additional CDKs with a role in

  2021-07-28

  

  Additional CDKs with a role in cancer Small molecule CDK inhibitors The majority of protein kinase inhibitors developed to date are type I inhibitors: they bind at the ATP–binding site, are ATP-competitive and target the kinase in its active state; with the activation loop DFG motif in the ‘in

• N methyl d aspartate NMDA receptor antagonists such as

  2021-07-28

  

  N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists, such as MK-801 and phencyclidine, induce cognitive dysfunction in both mice and humans [18]. In addition, antipsychotic drugs ameliorate MK-801-induced cognitive dysfunction; therefore, the acute application of MK-801 can be used as an animal model o

• Some of the psychoactive actions of nicotine are mediated

  2021-07-28

  

  Some of the psychoactive actions of nicotine are mediated by the nigrostriatal and mesolimbic pathways (Di Chiara, 2000, Di Chiara et al., 2004). The nigrostriatal pathway originates in the dopaminergic neurons located in the substantia nigra and terminates in the putamen and nucleus caudatus which

• br Experimental procedures br Introduction

  2021-07-28

  

  Experimental procedures Introduction Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is an anthropogenic compound with high thermal, chemical and biological stability, which makes it a perfect ingredient for many industrial applications (Kissa, 2001). Nevertheless, these characteristics also mean that PFOS i

• Although the findings detailed above provide ample evidence

  2021-07-28

  

  Although the findings detailed above provide ample evidence that the activity of the CRF1 receptor in the amygdala plays a role in the acute and chronic effects of alcohol exposure, several important areas of investigation remain understudied. The majority of the work on CRF1-alcohol interactions ha

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